The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the ferroelectric BaTiO3 were measured and analyzed using both strong and weak electric field conditions. To measure the electric field induced polarizations and strains, a high voltage source and the measuring circuit were used and the dielectric constants were measured with an impedance analyzer. The spontaneous polarization of BaTiO3 at room temperature was calculated as 17 μC/cm2 based on the lattice structure and internal ion location, which is in good agreement with the experimental results. The polarization and strain hysteresis curve according to the electric field were analyzed in terms of lattice structure and ion position. The magnitude of remanent polarization is proportional to the offset distance of Ti4+ ion from the lattice center. The magnitude of dielectric permittivity is proportional to the degree to which Ti4+ ion can move freely inside the lattice. The magnitude of piezoelectric constant d33 is proportional to how much Ti4+ ion distorts the lattice as it moves inside the lattice.
