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X선 회절 기반 sin²_ 기법을 활용한 잔류응력 분석

김환민1, 우도현1,2, 시라즈무함마드1, 구창영2, 조성래1, 안창원3

Residual Stress Analysis Using X-ray Diffraction and the sin²_ Method

Hwan Min Kim1, Dohyun Woo1,2, Muhammad Sheeraz1, Chang Young Koo2, Sung-lae Cho1, Chang Won Ahn3
J Electr Electron Mater 2026;39(2):163-174.
Published online: March 1, 2026

1울산대학교 물리학과
2(주)퀸테스
3울산대학교 기초과학연구소

1Department of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
2Quintess Co., Ltd., Uiwang 16108, Korea
3Basic Science Research Institute, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea
Corresponding author:  Chang Won Ahn
Email: cwahn@ulsan.ac.kr
• Received: January 12, 2020   • Revised: January 27, 2026   • Accepted: January 30, 2026
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마이크로 전자기계 시스템(MEMS), 나노 소자, 광전자 및 압전 소자와 같은 첨단 소자 분야에서는 기계적, 전기적, 광학적 성능 향상 및 높은 신뢰성에 대한 요구가 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 다양한 기능성 박막 소재들이 개발되고 있으며, 특히 높은 압전 특성을 갖는 Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ (PZT) 박막은 높은 성능의 센서 및 액추에이터 소자 구현을 위한 핵심 소재로 주목받고 있다. 그러나 박막 내 잔류 응력은 소자의 신뢰성, 성능, 수명에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 튜토리얼 논문은 sin²φ 방법을 기반으로 한 X선 회절을 이용한 잔류 응력 분석에 대한 실용적이고 단계적인 지침을 제공한다. 대표적인 사례 연구로, 유연한 메탈 호일(Metal foil) 기판 위에 증착된 PZT 박막의 수평 방향의 잔류응력을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 잔류응력 분석을 위해 X선 회절 장비를 활용하였으며, sin²φ 분석법을 적용하여 잔류응력을 평가하였다. 본 sin²_ 분석법은 박막 내부의 잔류응력 분석에 대한 이해를 증진시키는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

In advanced device technologies such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), nanoscale electronics, optoelectronic components, and piezoelectric devices, the demand for enhanced mechanical, electrical, and optical performance together with high reliability continues to grow. In response, a variety of functional thin-film materials have been developed; among them, Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ (PZT) thin films with high piezoelectric coefficients have emerged as key materials for realizing highperformance sensors and actuators. However, residual stress within thin films can adversely affect device reliability, performance, and lifetime. This tutorial paper provides a practical and step-by-step guide to residual stress analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) based on the sin²φ method. As a representative case study, we quantitatively analyze the in-plane residual stress of a PZT thin film deposited on a flexible metal-foil substrate. Residual stress was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) in combination with the sin²φ method. The present analysis is expected to deepen understanding of residual-stress behavior in thin films and to inform stress-aware design and reliability optimization of PZT-based devices

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Residual Stress Analysis Using X-ray Diffraction and the sin²_ Method
J Electr Electron Mater. 2026;39(2):163-174.   Published online March 1, 2026
Download Citation

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Residual Stress Analysis Using X-ray Diffraction and the sin²_ Method
J Electr Electron Mater. 2026;39(2):163-174.   Published online March 1, 2026
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