In this study, ZnxMn_3-xO₄ (x=0.95~1.20) specimens were prepared by using a conventional mixed oxide method. All specimens were sintered in air at 1,200℃ for 12 h and cooled at a rate of 2℃/min to 800℃, subsequently quenching to room temperature. We investigated the structural and electrical properties of Zn_xMn_3-xO₄ specimens with variation of ZnO amount for the application of NTC thermistors. As results of X-ray diffraction patterns, all specimens showed the formation of a complete solid solution with tetragonal spinel phase. And, the second phase was observed by the solubility limit of Zn ions in x≥1.10 composition. The average grain size was increased from 2.72 μm to 4.18 μm with increasing the compositional ratio of Zn ion from x=0.95 to 1.20, respectively. Zn_1.10 Mn_1.90 O₄ specimen showed the minimum electrical resistance of 57.5 kΩ at room temperature and activation energy of 0.392 eV.

In this study, Ni0.79(Mn2.21-χCuχ)O4 (x=0~0.25) specimens were prepared by using a conventional mixed oxide method. All specimens were sintered in air at 1,℃ for 12 h and cooled at a rate of 2℃/min to 800℃, subsequently quenching to room temperature. We investigated the structural and electrical properties of Ni 0.79(Mn2,21-χCuχ)O4 specimens with variation of CuO amount for the application of NTC thermistors. As results of X-ray diffraction patterns, all specimens showed the formation of a complete solid solution with cubic spinel phase. The relationship between ln ρ and the reciprocal of absolute temperature(1/T) for the NTC thermistors was shown linearity, which exhibited the typical NTC thermistor properties. With increasing the amount of CuO, resistivity at room temperature, B-value, and temperature coefficient resistance decreased.

In this paper to improve the ionic conduction properties, lanthanum silicate apatite La9.33(SiO4)6O2 ceramic, which substituted by V ions at Si-site, were fabricated by the mixed-oxide method. And we investigated the structural and electrical properties of La9.33(Si6-□v□)6O26 specimens with variation of dopants for the application of solid oxide fuel cells. The sintering temperature of La9.33(Si6-□v□)O26 specimens decreased from 1,600℃ to 1,400℃. As results of X-ray diffraction patterns, all La9.33(Si6-□-□)O26 specimens showed the formation of a complete solid solution in a apatite polycrystallin structure. But the specimens doped with more than 1.5mol% showed the second phase, La2 SiO5 and SiO2. The specimen dopants with 1.0 mol% showed the maximum ion conductivity. Ion conducting and activation energy of the La9.33(Si5V1)O26 specimens were about 7.8×10-4 S/cm 1.62 eV at 600℃, respectively.

La7.33Bi2 (SiO4)6O2 specimens were fabricated by standard solid-state synthesis route for solid oxide electrolytes. The calcined powders exhibited uniform particles with a mean particle size of about 28μm. The room-temperature structure of La7.33Bi2 (SiO4)6O2 specimens was analyzed as hexagonal, space group P63 or P63/m, and the unit cell volume increased with increase a sintering temperature. The specimens sintered at 1,175℃ showed X-ray patterns of homogeneous apatite single phase without the second phase such as La2Si2O7 and La2SiO5. The specimen sintered at 1,175℃ showed the maximum sintered density of 5.49 g/cm3. Increasing the sintering temperature, total conductivities increased, activation energy decreased and the values were 1.98 × 10-5 Scm-1 and 1.23eV, respectively.