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"In-line pulsed DC sputtering"

Effect of Temperature on the Characteristics of ZnO Thin Film Applied to the Window Layer of CIGS Solar Cells
Eou Sik Cho, Kyung Seo Jung, Sang Jik Kwon
J Korean Inst Electr Electron Mater Eng 2013;26(4):304-308.   Published online April 1, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4313/JKEM.2013.26.4.304
For the application to the window layer of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cell, zinc oxide(ZnO) thin film was deposited at various temperatures by in-line pulsed DC sputtering. From the structural, optical, and electrical investigation and analysis, it was possible to obtain the lower thickness, the lower resistivity, and the higher transmittance at a higher process temperature. The energy band gap of ZnO was calculated using the transmittance data and was analyzed in terms of the dependency on temperature. From the X-ray diffraction(XRD) results, it was possible to conclude that a dominant peak was found about 34.2 ~ 34.6° (111) and crystallinity was obtained at a temperature above 150℃.
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